{"id":5157,"date":"2016-06-10T16:16:34","date_gmt":"2016-06-10T15:16:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qualityformations.co.uk\/blog\/?p=5157"},"modified":"2024-11-08T12:59:33","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T12:59:33","slug":"tax-rates-allowance-limited-company-directors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/tax-rates-allowance-limited-company-directors\/","title":{"rendered":"Tax rates and allowances for limited company directors"},"content":{"rendered":"            <div class='post-lastupdated'>\n                <strong>Last updated: 8 Nov 2024<\/strong>\n            <\/div>\n        \n<p>If you are a company director, it is important to be aware of Income Tax and National Insurance rates and thresholds, dividend tax requirements, and the way in which you can pay yourself through a limited company.<\/p>\n<p>Ideally, you should consult an accountant for professional advice and tax-saving strategies, but we\u2019ll provide a brief overview of tax rates and allowances to get you started.<\/p>\n<p>The tax rates and allowances stated in this article apply to the 2024\/25 tax year, which runs from 6th April 2024 to 5th April 2025.<\/p>\n<h3>What tax does a company director pay?<\/h3>\n<p>Directors of limited companies are usually also shareholders. In fact, many small startup companies are one-person operations, whereby the only person who owns, manages, and works for the company is the single director-shareholder-employee. Whatever the setup, the following tax rates and allowances may apply:<\/p>\n<h4>Income Tax<\/h4>\n<p>As a company director, you are normally classed as an employee for tax purposes, so you will need to <a title=\"GOV.UK:Register as an employer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/register-employer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">register your company as an employer<\/a> and operate Pay As You Earn (PAYE) as part of your payroll.<\/p>\n<p>You will be required to pay Income Tax and Class 1 National Insurance contributions (NIC) through PAYE on the wages you receive from the company.<\/p>\n<p>No tax or NIC will be due on the first \u00a312,570, which is your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/income-tax-rates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">tax-free Personal Allowance<\/a> for the 2024\/25 tax year. Above that amount, you will start paying Income Tax and National Insurance on your earnings.<\/p>\n<p>If you live in England, Wales, or Northern Ireland, you&#8217;ll pay the following Income Tax rates on your director&#8217;s salary:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>20% basic rate &#8211; salary income between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350, 270<\/li>\n<li>40% higher rate &#8211; between \u00a350, 271 and \u00a3125,140<\/li>\n<li>45% additional rate &#8211; from \u00a3125,141<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you live in Scotland, you&#8217;ll pay the Scottish Income Tax rates on your director&#8217;s salary:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>19% starter rate &#8211; salary income between \u00a312,571 and \u00a314,876<\/li>\n<li>20% basic rate &#8211; between \u00a314,877 and \u00a326,561<\/li>\n<li>21% intermediate rate &#8211; between \u00a326,562 and \u00a343,662<\/li>\n<li>42% higher rate &#8211; between \u00a343,663 and \u00a375,000<\/li>\n<li>45% advanced rate &#8211; between \u00a375,001 and \u00a3125,140<\/li>\n<li>48% top rate &#8211; from \u00a3125,141<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Personal Allowance is the same for everyone in the UK, regardless of which Income Tax rates you pay. However, your allowance will gradually reduce when you start <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/income-tax-rates\/income-over-100000\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">earning more than \u00a3100,000 a year<\/a>, and you won&#8217;t receive any Personal Allowance if you earn over \u00a3125,140.<\/p>\n<h4>Employee\u2019s National Insurance<\/h4>\n<p>You will pay 8% <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/rates-and-allowances-national-insurance-contributions\/rates-and-allowances-national-insurance-contributions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">Class 1 employee National Insurance<\/a> on wages between the primary threshold (\u00a312,570) and the upper earnings limit (\u00a350,270\/year). Above the upper earnings limit, you will pay 2% NIC. These deductions will be calculated and taken directly from your wages through PAYE.<\/p>\n<h4>Employer\u2019s National Insurance<\/h4>\n<div class=\"body\">\n<p>The company will also have to pay 13.8% Class 1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/guidance\/rates-and-thresholds-for-employers-2021-to-2022\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">employers&#8217; National Insurance<\/a> on your earnings (and the wages of any other employees) above the secondary threshold (currenlty \u00a39,100 per year).<\/p>\n<p>However, you may be eligible to claim up to \u00a35,000 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/claim-employment-allowance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">Employment Allowance<\/a> on your employers&#8217; National Insurance contributions if your company has more than one director and\/or employee.<\/p>\n<p>At the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/2024-autumn-budget-report-for-smes\/\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">Autumn Budget 2024<\/a>, the government announced that employers&#8217; NIC will increase to 15% from 6 April 2025. The secondary threshold will also change, reducing to \u00a35,000 per year. However, the Employment Allowance will increase to \u00a310,500 per year.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Dividend tax<\/h4>\n<p>Dividends are paid from profits after the deduction of Corporation Tax. This means that companies pay tax on this income before it is distributed to shareholders. The rules on dividend tax changed on 6th April 2016. Previously, there was no personal tax liability on dividend income for basic-rate taxpayers.<\/p>\n<p>                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/what-are-dividends\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">What are dividends?<\/span><\/a>\n                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/issue-dividends\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">How to issue dividends in a company limited by shares<\/span><\/a>\n                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/what-are-the-dividend-tax-rates-in-the-uk\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">What are the dividend tax rates in the UK?<\/span><\/a>\n                    <\/p>\n<p>As a result of these new rules, it\u2019s not quite as tax-efficient to take a low salary and higher dividend payments through a limited company as it once was, though it is a far simpler system. The notional 10% dividend tax credit (which most people struggled to understand anyway) was abolished and replaced with a tax-free dividend allowance, which is now \u00a3500\/year for 2024\/25.<\/p>\n<p>Above the \u00a3500 allowance, you will pay the following rates of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/tax-on-dividends\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">tax on dividend income<\/a> you receive from your company:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>8.75% on income within the basic-rate tax band (\u00a312,571 to \u00a350,270)<\/li>\n<li>33.75% on income within the higher-rate tax band (\u00a350,271and \u00a3125,140)<\/li>\n<li>39.35% on income within the additional rate tax band (above \u00a3125,140)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dividend income is still paid from post-tax profits, so your company will continue to pay Corporation Tax on these profits before you pay yourself dividends. The idea behind the changes was to discourage people from setting up a company simply to pay less tax &#8211; i.e. by taking most or all of their income as dividends rather than as a wage.<\/p>\n<p>                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/self-assessment-guidance-for-company-directors-and-shareholders\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">Self Assessment guidance for company directors and shareholders<\/span><\/a>\n                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/pay-yourself-through-limited-company\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">How to pay yourself through a limited company<\/span><\/a>\n                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/reasons-you-need-accountant-for-limited-company\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">15 reasons you need an accountant for a limited company<\/span><\/a>\n                    <\/p>\n<p>Regardless, trading through a limited company is often more tax-efficient than operating as a sole trader (depending on your level of profits). You just have to be strategic with your tax planning and remuneration, which any decent accountant or tax advisor will be able to assist you with.<\/p>\n<h4>Class 4 National Insurance contributions<\/h4>\n<p>Whilst not applicable to directors unless they receive untaxed income from self-employed activities (e.g. rental income from privately owned property), it\u2019s worth mentioning this type of National Insurance for clarity.<\/p>\n<p>Class 4 National Insurance is paid through Self Assessment by certain people, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>self-employed sole traders and members of partnerships<\/li>\n<li>people who receive certain types of income not taxed through PAYE (e.g. rental income or freelance work)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These NICs apply when earnings from self-employment exceed the NIC lower profits limit of \u00a312,570. From 6 April 2024, the rates of Class 4 National Insurance are 6% on income between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270, then 2% on anything over \u00a350,270.<\/p>\n<h3>Registering for Self Assessment<\/h3>\n<p>If you receive dividends, you&#8217;ll need to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/register-for-self-assessment\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">register for Self Assessment<\/a>. You will then report your dividend income on an annual Self Assessment tax return and pay any dividend tax you owe directly to HMRC.<\/p>\n<p>                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/self-assessment-tax-return-mistakes\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">6 common Self Assessment tax return mistakes and how to avoid them<\/span><\/a>\n                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/remember-to-file-your-self-assessment-tax-return-by-31st-january\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">Remember to file your Self Assessment tax return by 31 January<\/span><\/a>\n                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/blog\/side-hustle-tax\/\" class=\"related\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><span class=\"related-title\">Side hustle tax &#8211; what you need to know<\/span><\/a>\n                    <\/p>\n<p>Likewise, if you receive any other forms of untaxed income from your limited company or elsewhere (e.g. expenses and benefits, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualityformationsblog.co.uk\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=7944&amp;action=edit&amp;classic-editor\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">director\u2019s loan<\/a>, income from property, side hustle earnings), you must register for Self Assessment, file a tax return each year, and pay any Income Tax and NIC that you owe.<\/p>\n            <div class=\"complete_package__shortcode\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualitycompanyformations.co.uk\/fully-inclusive-package\/\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-quality.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com\/assets\/custom\/images\/blog\/qcf-blog_sidebar.png?v=2\"\n                        alt=\"Fully Inclusive Package Special Offer\"\n                        class=\"complete_package__mobile\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-quality.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com\/assets\/custom\/images\/blog\/qcf-blog_banner.png?v=3\"\n                        alt=\"Complete Package Special Offer\"\n                        class=\"complete_package__desktop\">\n                <\/a>\n            <\/div>\n        \n"},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you are a company director, it is important to be aware of Income Tax and National Insurance rates and thresholds, dividend tax requirements, and the way in which you can pay yourself through a limited company. Ideally, you should consult an accountant for professional advice and tax-saving strategies, but we\u2019ll provide a brief overview&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6063,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[1239],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tax-accounting-finance","category-1239","description-off"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.0 (Yoast SEO v24.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tax rates and allowances for limited company directors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comprehensive guide for company directors on tax rates and allowances, including Income Tax, National Insurance, and dividend tax.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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