What are dividends?<\/span><\/a>\n \nIf you own 50% of your company\u2019s shares, for example, you and the other shareholder are both entitled to dividends worth 50% of the retained profit. In this scenario, if your company has \u00a32,000 of retained profit, you can both receive net dividends of up to \u00a31,000 each.<\/p>\n
Since your company will have already paid Corporation Tax on this income, the first \u00a3500 of dividends are tax-free (2024\/25 dividend allowance). Above that amount, you will pay dividend tax. You must report this income and pay any necessary tax on an annual basis via Self Assessment.<\/p>\n
Step 3: Issuing dividend vouchers<\/h3>\n
For each dividend a company issues, a voucher must be created and given to the shareholder. This voucher is sometimes referred to as a \u2018dividend counterfoil\u2019. It is not a special kind of form, but simply a piece of paper (or an electronic document attached to email) that provides the following important details about the dividend:<\/p>\n
\n- Name of company<\/li>\n
- Company registration number<\/a><\/li>\n
- Date of issue<\/li>\n
- Name and address of shareholder receiving the dividend<\/li>\n
- Share class<\/li>\n
- Amount of the dividend payment<\/li>\n
- Signature of authorising officer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
A typical example of a dividend voucher is as follows:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The same format can be used for interim dividends and final dividends – simply alter the text accordingly.<\/p>\n
Step 4: Preparing Minutes of Meetings<\/h3>\n
You must take minutes even if you\u2019re the only director and shareholder in your company. All companies are legally required under the Companies Act 2006 to keep copies of meeting minutes with their statutory records for a minimum of 10 years. You may keep these minutes on paper, in some kind of electronic format, or both \u2013 whichever is most convenient.<\/p>\n
How often can I issue dividends?<\/h3>\n
You can issue dividends as often as you like (daily, weekly, monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, bi-annually, or annually) as long as your company has sufficient retained profit to do so.<\/p>\n
Due to the paperwork required, most accountants will advise you to issue interim dividends on a quarterly basis for easier record-keeping and to coincide with VAT payments. That being said, there is nothing to prevent you from issuing them more frequently if you really want to.<\/p>\n
How to pay yourself through a limited company<\/span><\/a>\n Self Assessment guidance for company directors and shareholders<\/span><\/a>\n How to protect minority shareholder rights<\/span><\/a>\n <\/p>\nOn the other hand, you may want to issue dividends annually at the end of each tax year, or at irregular intervals throughout the year when your company profits reach a certain level. It\u2019s entirely up to you.<\/p>\n
Dividends provide an excellent opportunity for effective tax planning. You can delay the distribution of profits until the following tax year, which is beneficial if you want to keep your income within the basic rate of tax, or you plan to work more than one year and take some time off the next.<\/p>\n
You may also wish to consider, if possible, splitting ownership of your business with your significant other if they earn significantly less than you. This will allow you to issue dividends to him or her, thus avoiding or paying less higher-rate tax.<\/p>\n
Is there a limit to the number of dividends a company can issue?<\/h3>\n
No, there is no limit to the number of dividends a company can issue throughout the year or at any one time. However, it does depend on the number of shareholders your company has and the amount of retained profit that is available to distribute.<\/p>\n
You’re only required to issue one dividend per shareholder each time you declare dividends, and you cannot issue them if your company does not have any retained profit to distribute.<\/p>\n
It’s also worth bearing in mind that the more dividends you issue, the more paperwork you will have to fill out. You’ll also need to spend more time on your Self Assessment tax return. Keep it as simple as possible. Ideally, you should speak to an accountant for tailored, expert advice.<\/p>\n